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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

801
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
801
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

541
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
541

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model
08:22

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model

Published on: June 20, 2025

435

Emerging biomarkers in ischemic stroke.

Jessie Lee1, Peter S Giannaris1, Cigdem Erkuran Yilmaz2

  • 1Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY 10019, USA.

Vessel Plus
|September 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biomarkers offer a promising alternative to neuroimaging for predicting, diagnosing, and understanding ischemic stroke outcomes. Research highlights inflammatory, endothelial, metabolic, and neuroaxonal markers for personalized stroke medicine.

Keywords:
Ischemic strokebiomarkerscerebral ischemiaomics

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide.
  • Neuroimaging has limitations in availability, cost, and therapeutic window for stroke diagnosis.
  • Biomarker-based approaches are gaining traction for stroke prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in identifying stroke biomarkers across various pathways.
  • To highlight specific biomarkers for prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis of ischemic stroke.
  • To discuss the role of omics sciences and advanced imaging in stroke research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on stroke biomarkers.
  • Categorization of biomarkers based on inflammatory, endothelial, metabolic, and neuroaxonal pathways.
  • Inclusion of data from omics sciences and advanced imaging modalities like PET/CT.

Main Results:

  • Predictive biomarkers (IL-6, ADMA, EMP, homocysteine) indicate vascular risk.
  • Diagnostic markers (GFAP, D-dimer, NSE) aid in stroke subtyping and lesion assessment.
  • Prognostic markers (sNfL, NT-pro-BNP, GDF-15) correlate with infarct size and outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Biomarkers are crucial for advancing stroke prediction, diagnosis, and personalized medicine.
  • Omics sciences and advanced imaging provide valuable insights into stroke heterogeneity.
  • Further research is needed to overcome translational challenges posed by transcriptional heterogeneity.