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Related Concept Videos

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

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Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Specificity Analysis of Protein Lysine Methyltransferases Using SPOT Peptide Arrays
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Leveraging learned representations and multitask learning for lysine methylation site discovery.

François Charih1,2,3, Mullen Boulter2, Kyle K Biggar2,3

  • 1Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|September 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed MethylSight 2.0, a deep learning model for predicting lysine methylation sites. This advancement improves the identification of potential cancer drug targets by mapping the lysine methylome more accurately.

Keywords:
Lysine methylationdeep learninglysine methylomemultitask learningtransformers

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Lysine methylation is a crucial post-translational modification impacting gene regulation.
  • Its role in non-histone proteins and cancer progression is understudied.
  • Accurate identification of lysine methylation sites is vital for drug target discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly accurate computational model for predicting lysine methylation sites.
  • To explore the utility of other lysine post-translational modifications in improving prediction accuracy.
  • To contribute to the comprehensive mapping of the lysine methylome.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a transformer-based deep learning model (MethylSight 2.0).
  • Integration of information from other lysine post-translational modifications using multitask learning.
  • Validation of predicted sites using mass spectrometry experiments.

Main Results:

  • Achieved state-of-the-art accuracy in lysine methylation site prediction.
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of multitask learning for integrating prior knowledge.
  • Identified 68 novel lysine methylation sites through experimental validation.

Conclusions:

  • MethylSight 2.0 represents a significant advancement in computational prediction of lysine methylation.
  • Integrating information on other lysine modifications enhances predictor performance.
  • This work advances the goal of a complete lysine methylome map and aids in identifying cancer-related drug targets.