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Who Considers Terrorism Justifiable? A Machine Learning Analysis Across 65 Countries
1Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea.
Aggressive Behavior
|September 22, 2025
Summary
Terrorism justification is linked to moral flexibility and anti-democratic views, not just religious extremism. Counter-radicalization must address violence normalization and promote democratic values.
Area of Science:
- Social Psychology
- Political Science
- Criminology
Background:
- Terrorism justification narratives often overemphasize religious extremism.
- Understanding the multifaceted drivers of terrorism justification is crucial for effective counter-radicalization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify key predictors of terrorism justification using a comprehensive dataset.
- To challenge prevailing narratives by examining a wider range of potential influences.
Main Methods:
- Random Forest analysis applied to 360 potential predictors.
- Utilized data from the World Values Survey across 65 countries.
Main Results:
- Terrorism justification is strongly associated with moral flexibility, antisocial values, and anti-democratic sentiment.
- Key predictor domains include normalization of violence, moral flexibility/rule violation, and religious/political authoritarianism.
- Findings contradict the exclusive focus on religious extremism.
Conclusions:
- Counter-radicalization strategies should address moral disengagement and promote democratic values.
- Strengthening trust in democratic governance is essential.
- A broader understanding of psychological and social factors is needed.
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