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Turbulent Flow

Turbulent Flow

Turbulent flow is characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity and pressure, which result in a chaotic fluid movement distinct from the orderly patterns of laminar flow. While laminar flow is governed by smooth, parallel layers with minimal mixing, turbulent flow exhibits highly irregular, three-dimensional patterns. This behavior arises due to instabilities in the fluid's velocity profile, and amplifies as the flow velocity increases. Minor disturbances, known as turbulent spots,...

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Three-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry for Turbulence Applications: Case of a Jet Flow

Three-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry for Turbulence Applications: Case of a Jet Flow

Published on: February 27, 2016

Efficient split-step modeling for imaging through atmospheric turbulence.

Samuel T Thurman, Zachary J DeSantis

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision

|September 22, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We present a new method for efficient optical field propagation through atmospheric turbulence using split-step models. This approach significantly reduces computational load while maintaining high accuracy for imaging systems.

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Area of Science:

Optics
Computational Science
Atmospheric Physics

Background:

Numerical propagation of optical fields is crucial for understanding light behavior in complex environments.
Existing split-step models can be computationally intensive, limiting their application in real-time scenarios.
Atmospheric turbulence and optical stops (aperture and field) introduce significant challenges in optical field propagation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a computationally efficient prescription for split-step models.
To optimize numerical propagation of optical fields through atmospheric phase screens.
To ensure accurate modeling of imaging systems with aperture and field stops.

Main Methods:

Developed a novel prescription for constructing split-step models.
Utilized phase-space optics to determine efficient spatial sampling values.
Analyzed computational complexity using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) methods.
Validated the prescription against minimum space-bandwidth product requirements.

Main Results:

The proposed prescription yields efficient spatial sampling values matching theoretical minimums.
Achieved over a 6x reduction in computational complexity compared to typical split-step models.
Maintained excellent fidelity in propagating optical fields through simulated atmospheric conditions and stops.

Conclusions:

The developed prescription offers a computationally efficient and accurate method for optical field propagation.
This advancement is particularly beneficial for imaging through atmospheric turbulence with optical stops.
The findings pave the way for more practical and scalable simulations in optical engineering and atmospheric optics.