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Minimizing positioning error through strategic LED arrangement: circular layout superiority in ANN-based VLP
Applied Optics
|September 22, 2025
Summary
This study found that a circular arrangement of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) offers the highest accuracy in visible light positioning systems. This configuration minimizes positioning errors for indoor navigation applications.
Area of Science:
- Indoor positioning systems
- Artificial intelligence in navigation
- Optical wireless communication
Background:
- Visible light positioning (VLP) systems offer a promising alternative for indoor localization.
- The geometric arrangement of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) significantly impacts VLP system performance.
- Optimizing LED configurations is crucial for achieving high positioning accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of different LED configurations on the accuracy of a fingerprint-based artificial neural network (ANN) visible light positioning system.
- To determine the optimal geometric arrangement of LEDs for maximizing positioning accuracy in a defined indoor environment.
Main Methods:
- Development of a fingerprint-based ANN model for VLP.
- Simulation of four distinct LED configurations (square, rectangular, triangular, circular) within a 5m x 5m x 3m indoor space.
- Analysis of positioning accuracy using a receiver moving along a circular trajectory, evaluating error distributions and magnitudes.
Main Results:
- The circular LED configuration achieved the lowest mean positioning error (9.87 cm).
- Square and rectangular configurations showed moderate errors (15.29 cm and 12.45 cm, respectively).
- The triangular configuration exhibited the highest mean positioning error (52.50 cm).
Conclusions:
- The circular LED arrangement significantly outperforms other configurations in visible light positioning accuracy.
- Consistent signal strength gradients and maximized line-of-sight connections contribute to the circular configuration's superior performance.
- Geometric arrangement is a critical factor in optimizing VLP system accuracy, independent of the number of LEDs or signal processing techniques.
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