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Parent-Reported Container Use Relates to Infants' Motor Development

Zainab S Alghamdi1, Michele A Lobo

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia (Dr Alghamdi); and Biomechanics & Movement Science Program (Dr Alghamdi and Dr Lobo), Department of Physical Therapy (Dr Lobo), University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.

Pediatric Physical Therapy : the Official Publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy Association
|September 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Parents used infant containers for over 5 hours daily. More container time correlated with lower fine motor skills, but generally did not impact obesity or development, informing updated recommendations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Child Development
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Infant container use is prevalent but recommendations vary.
  • Understanding the impact of container use on infant development is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize infant container usage patterns among parents.
  • To investigate the relationship between container use and infant development (motor skills) and body mass index (BMI).

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional survey of parents with infants under 19 months.
  • Data collected on container use duration, infant anthropometrics, and Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) scores.
  • Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • Parents reported using containers for an average of 5.15 hours per day.
  • Increased overall container time was associated with poorer fine motor scores.
  • Extended periods in positional pillows correlated with reduced gross motor development.

Conclusions:

  • Families with higher container use may benefit from targeted fine motor skill interventions.
  • Reported container use exceeded typical recommendations but showed limited association with obesity or developmental delays across most domains.
  • Findings suggest a need to re-evaluate current recommendations for infant container use.
Abstract

Keywords:
Container Baby Syndrome (CBS)body mass index (BMI)containersdevelopmentinfant

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