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Bacterial Endocarditis in the Postoperative Period in a Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipient

John-Anthony Coppola1, Dipankar Gupta1, Jennifer Rackley1

  • 1Congenital Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.

Pediatrics
|September 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Infectious endocarditis occurred early after heart transplant in a child. Prompt surgical removal and antibiotics led to complete recovery and excellent long-term allograft function.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transplantation Immunology

Background:

  • Infectious endocarditis is a rare but serious complication following cardiac transplantation.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial for patient outcomes and graft survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of early-onset infectious endocarditis in a pediatric heart transplant recipient.
  • To highlight the successful management strategy involving surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A 7-year-old child underwent heart transplantation.
  • Postoperative monitoring detected elevated inflammatory markers on day 6.
  • Echocardiography identified a mitral valve mass, leading to surgical resection on day 14.
  • A 6-week antibiotic course was administered.

Main Results:

  • Complete resolution of infectious endocarditis was achieved.
  • The patient maintained excellent allograft function at 5-year follow-up.
  • No recurrence of endocarditis was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Early infectious endocarditis post-heart transplant is manageable with a combined surgical and antibiotic approach.
  • Aggressive management can lead to favorable long-term outcomes, including preserved allograft function.

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