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Epidemiology of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis and Circulating Genotypes Among Hospitalized Children Aged Under 5 Years in

Rajesh K Chudasama1, Pankaj Buch2, Varsha Sudhir Chaudhary3

  • 1Department of Community Medicine, Pandit Dindayal Upadhyay (PDU) Medical College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India. dranakonda@yahoo.com.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|September 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus gastroenteritis remains common in young children in Rajkot, India, despite the introduction of the ROTASIIL vaccine. The study identified G3P[8] and G2P[4] as the most prevalent rotavirus strains circulating in the region.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, ROTASIIL, was introduced into Gujarat's Universal Immunization Program in July 2019.
  • Post-marketing surveillance data on ROTASIIL's effectiveness in India is limited.
  • Understanding rotavirus epidemiology post-vaccine introduction is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children under five years old in Rajkot, Gujarat.
  • To assess rotavirus prevalence and circulating strains following the vaccine's introduction into the routine immunization schedule.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study enrolled children under five hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis between February 2021 and December 2023.
  • Data on sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, and vaccination status were collected.
  • Stool samples were tested for rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay and genotyped via reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Main Results:

  • Rotavirus was detected in 22.9% (66/288) of stool samples.
  • Higher rotavirus positivity was observed in children with more frequent diarrheal episodes and in vaccinated children compared to unvaccinated.
  • The most prevalent genotypes were G3P[8] (48.5%) and G2P[4] (37.9%).

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus diarrhea continues to be a significant issue among hospitalized children in Rajkot.
  • G3P[8] and G2P[4] are the dominant rotavirus strains currently circulating in this population.
  • Ongoing surveillance is necessary to monitor vaccine effectiveness and evolving rotavirus strains.
Abstract

Keywords:
DiarrheaEpidemiologyGastroenteritisGenotypeRotavirus

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