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ANATOMOTOPOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE MARTIN-GRUBER ANASTOMOSIS.

Edie Benedito Caetano¹, Cristina Schmitt H Cavalheiro¹, Núbia Dos Reis Sampaio¹

¹Pontificia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC), Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas e da Saúde de Sorocaba, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

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Summary

The Martin-Gruber anastomosis (MGA) was found in 27% of cadaver forearms, with most located distal to the interepicondylar line. Anatomical dissections mapped MGA locations, revealing significant variation in the forearm.

Keywords:

Dissection Peripheral Nervous System Surgical Procedures

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Area of Science:

Anatomy
Surgical Anatomy
Neuroanatomy

Background:

The Martin-Gruber anastomosis (MGA) is a communication between the median and ulnar nerves in the forearm.
Understanding the MGA's topographic anatomy is crucial for surgical procedures involving the forearm and hand.

Purpose of the Study:

To create a detailed anatomical map of the Martin-Gruber anastomosis (MGA) in the human forearm.
To document the prevalence and precise location of MGA in a cadaveric population.

Main Methods:

Anatomical dissections were performed on 100 adult cadaver forearms (50 cadavers).
Reference lines (interepicondylar and interstyloidea) and forearm thirds were used to standardize topographic location recording.
The origin of nerve fascicles contributing to the MGA was noted relative to anatomical landmarks.

Main Results:

The Martin-Gruber anastomosis (MGA) was identified in 27% of the dissected forearms.
Most MGAs were located distal to the interepicondylar line (77.7%) and predominantly in the proximal third of the forearm (62.9%).
Variations in MGA origin and course were observed, with some occurring proximal, at, or distal to the interepicondylar line.

Conclusions:

The Martin-Gruber anastomosis (MGA) exhibits significant topographic variation within the forearm.
The majority of MGAs are found distal to the interepicondylar line, particularly in the proximal forearm, a key finding for clinical relevance.
This study provides valuable anatomical data for surgeons and clinicians operating in the forearm region.