[Recent Advances in Surgical Instrumentation for Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery]

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has revolutionized the field of cardiac surgery by offering reduced surgical trauma, shorter hospital stays, and faster patient recovery compared to conventional median sternotomy. The success of MICS heavily depends on the continuous advancements in surgical instrumentation. This review discusses the recent innovations in surgical tools and technologies designed to enhance precision, safety, and efficiency in MICS. Key developments include robotic-assisted systems, endoscopic instruments, percutaneous devices, and novel visualization techniques. We further explore the clinical impact of these technologies and future prospects in the field.