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Accuracy and Precision

Accuracy and Precision

Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value. Highly accurate measurements...

Accuracy and Precision

Accuracy and Precision

Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value. Highly accurate measurements...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2026

A Postoperative Evaluation Guideline for Computer-Assisted Reconstruction of the Mandible

A Postoperative Evaluation Guideline for Computer-Assisted Reconstruction of the Mandible

Published on: January 28, 2020

Accuracy and reliability of 2 artificial intelligence platforms for cephalometric analysis compared with a

Ian Raby¹, Victor Rojas¹, Andres Celis²

¹Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics

|September 25, 2025

Summary

Artificial intelligence (AI) cephalometric tracing platforms like WebCeph and CephX are accurate and reliable when landmarks are corrected. Manual correction significantly reduces tracing time by 46% compared to standard software.

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Area of Science:

Dentistry
Medical Imaging
Artificial Intelligence

Background:

Web-based platforms offer artificial intelligence (AI)-powered cephalometric tracing with variable performance.
This study evaluates the accuracy, reliability, and time efficiency of WebCeph and CephX AI platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the performance of WebCeph and CephX AI cephalometric tracing platforms.
To compare AI tracing with a gold standard software (Dolphin Imaging).
To determine the impact of landmark correction on AI tracing accuracy and efficiency.

Main Methods:

Fifty lateral cephalograms were traced using WebCeph and CephX (automated and landmark-corrected) and Dolphin Imaging.
Twelve cephalometric parameters were analyzed.
Time efficiency was measured, and statistical analyses (linear regression, intraclass correlation) were performed.

Main Results:

Corrected AI tracings showed results comparable to Dolphin Imaging, achieving 93% accuracy across 11 of 12 parameters.
AI platforms reduced tracing time by 46% compared to Dolphin Imaging.
Automated AI tracings exhibited low reliability and accuracy; soft-tissue parameters were not suitable for AI assessment.

Conclusions:

WebCeph and CephX AI platforms are valuable diagnostic tools for cephalometric tracing, but only when manual landmark correction is applied.
Corrected AI tracings offer a balance of accuracy and significant time savings.