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Cam-Based Simple Design of Constant-Force Suspension Backpack to Isolate Dynamic Load.

Haotian Ju1, Zihang Guan1, Junchen Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 26, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new cam-based constant-force suspension backpack (CCSB) significantly reduces peak vertical force and human metabolic costs during load carriage. This innovative design offers a lighter, more adaptable solution for prolonged carrying tasks.

Keywords:
constant-force mechanismload carriagemetabolic costsuspended backpack

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Ergonomics

Background:

  • Prolonged load carriage with ordinary backpacks (OBs) leads to muscle fatigue and skeletal injuries.
  • Existing suspended backpacks have limitations in adaptability (elastic rope-based) or add significant weight (active suspension).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel cam-based constant-force suspension backpack (CCSB).
  • To assess the CCSB's effectiveness in reducing forces, metabolic costs, and transportation consumption during load carriage.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a cam-spring mechanism with near-zero suspension stiffness.
  • Construction of a test platform to evaluate constant-force performance (max error < 1.96%).
  • Load-carrying experiments at various walking speeds (laboratory and outdoor).

Main Results:

  • The CCSB reduced peak accelerative vertical force by an average of 84.47% compared to OBs.
  • Human metabolic costs were reduced by 10.58% with the CCSB.
  • Outdoor tests showed an 8.26% reduction in transportation consumption.

Conclusions:

  • The cam-based constant-force suspension backpack (CCSB) effectively mitigates forces and metabolic costs associated with load carriage.
  • Its compact design enhances commercialization potential and practical applicability.
  • The CCSB offers a promising alternative to traditional and existing suspended backpack designs.