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Morphometric analysis of sand mining-induced changes in the Sutlej River
Simranjeet Kaur1, Abdul Gani2, Shray Pathak3
1Department of Geography, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Environmental Geochemistry and Health
|September 26, 2025
Summary
Intensive sand mining in the Sutlej River accelerates bank erosion and channel shifts, increasing flood risk and ecosystem damage. Sustainable practices and continuous geomorphological monitoring are crucial for river management.
Area of Science:
- Fluvial geomorphology
- Environmental science
- Remote sensing and GIS
Background:
- River systems are dynamic and susceptible to natural and anthropogenic changes.
- Sand mining is a significant human intervention impacting river morphology and ecosystems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the morphological changes of the Sutlej River in Punjab, India.
- To investigate the specific impacts of sand mining on river dynamics and geomorphology.
Main Methods:
- Multi-temporal satellite imagery analysis (2001, 2014, 2024) for geomorphic indicators.
- Geomorphometric evaluation using SRTM-derived DEMs and hydrological tools.
- Riverbank delineation, displacement analysis, and sediment load comparison.
Main Results:
- Significant channel morphological changes, particularly at sand mining sites.
- Pronounced lateral bank shifts (8.6–972.49 m) and substantial erosion/deposition areas (1561.85–2263.41 ha).
- Clear spatial correlation between intensified mining and increased bank erosion and sediment redistribution.
Conclusions:
- Sand mining accelerates channel dynamics, leading to geomorphic instability and increased flood susceptibility.
- Impacts include habitat loss, altered sediment transport, and threats to riverine ecosystems.
- Urgent need for sustainable sand mining and continuous geomorphological monitoring using GIS and remote sensing.
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