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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Diabetes, Cognitive Function and Mortality Risk Among Older Hispanics.

Jagdish Khubchandani1, Elizabeth England-Kennedy1, Srikanta Banerjee2

  • 1College of Health, Education, and Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, MSC 3AC, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.

Brain Sciences
|September 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetes and cognitive impairment together significantly increase mortality risk in older Hispanic adults. This dual burden nearly doubles the risk of death, highlighting the need for targeted health strategies.

Keywords:
Hispanicbrain healthcognitiondementiadiabetesmortality

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Diabetes is a major global cause of death, linked to aging and cognitive decline.
  • Shared mechanisms like vascular damage and insulin resistance connect diabetes and cognitive impairment.
  • The combined impact on mortality in older Hispanic adults is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mortality risk associated with coexisting diabetes and low cognitive performance in older Hispanic adults.
  • To address health disparities in a marginalized population facing dual health burdens.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 636 Hispanic adults (≥60 years) from NHANES (1999-2002) with mortality follow-up to 2019.
  • Employed Cox proportional hazards models to assess all-cause mortality risk.
  • Adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related covariates.

Main Results:

  • 23.3% had diabetes; 54.9% had low cognitive performance.
  • The combination of diabetes and low cognitive performance showed a 2.36-fold increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR=2.36; 95% CI: 1.70-3.28).
  • Neither diabetes nor cognitive impairment alone significantly increased mortality risk.

Conclusions:

  • Coexisting diabetes and cognitive impairment significantly elevate mortality risk in older Hispanic adults.
  • Findings emphasize the need for culturally tailored, interdisciplinary approaches for aging minority populations.
  • Addressing the dual burden of diabetes and cognitive decline is crucial for this demographic.