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Conductive Polymer Deposition via Inkjet Printing on Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
Izabella Rajzer1, Monika Rom2, Elżbieta Menaszek3
1Department of Mechanical Engineering Fundamentals, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Bielsko-Biala, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|September 29, 2025
Summary
Researchers created electroactive nanofibrous scaffolds using poly(l-lactide-co-d,l-lactide) (PLDL) with Osteogenon (OST) and polyaniline (PANI) pathways. These scaffolds show promise for bone tissue engineering by supporting cell growth and mineral deposition.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Developing advanced scaffolds is crucial for effective bone tissue regeneration.
- Existing scaffolds often lack the necessary bioactivity and electrical properties to mimic native bone.
- Integrating osteoinductive agents and conductive materials offers a promising strategy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop electroactive nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
- To functionalize poly(l-lactide-co-d,l-lactide) (PLDL) scaffolds with Osteogenon (OST) and conductive polyaniline (PANI) pathways.
- To evaluate the biocompatibility, osteogenic potential, and biomineralization capacity of the modified scaffolds.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of PLDL scaffolds via electrospinning.
- Patterning of PANI conductive pathways using inkjet printing.
- Characterization using SEM, FTIR, DSC, and TGA.
- In vitro assessment of apatite formation in simulated body fluid (SBF).
- Evaluation of NHOST cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation.
Main Results:
- Successful integration of PANI and OST into PLDL scaffolds confirmed by characterization.
- Scaffolds exhibited maintained thermal and morphological stability.
- PANI pathways were compatible with biomineralization processes, showing no hindrance to apatite formation.
- Enhanced NHOST cell adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineral deposition were observed.
- The scaffolds demonstrated significant osteogenic potential.
Conclusions:
- The developed PLDL/OST/PANI electroactive scaffolds are multifunctional platforms for bone tissue engineering.
- These scaffolds combine biocompatibility, bioactivity, and electroconductivity, mimicking the native bone bioelectric environment.
- The findings support the potential for electrical stimulation to further enhance bone regeneration.
- The study highlights a promising approach for promoting bone repair through advanced biomaterial design.
