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Load-frequency control (LFC) is vital for maintaining power system stability, ensuring that frequency and power flows remain within acceptable limits during load changes. Turbine-governor control eliminates rotor accelerations and decelerations following load changes. However, a steady-state frequency error persists when the change in the turbine-governor reference setting is zero. In an interconnected power system, each area agrees to export or import a scheduled amount of power through...
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    This study introduces a predictor-based fractional-order sliding mode control to manage load frequency in power systems with input delays. The method enhances system stability and response by predicting future states and compensating for disturbances.

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    Area of Science:

    • Electrical Engineering
    • Control Systems Theory
    • Power Systems Analysis

    Background:

    • Interconnected power systems require robust load frequency control (LFC) to maintain stability.
    • Input delays in control systems can significantly degrade performance and stability.
    • Fractional-order control offers potential advantages in system dynamics and robustness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a predictor-based fractional-order sliding mode control (FOSMC) strategy for interconnected power systems.
    • To effectively address and compensate for input delays in the control loop.
    • To enhance the robustness and dynamic performance of the load frequency control.

    Main Methods:

    • A predictor-based approach is employed to estimate and compensate for system input delays.
    • A novel fractional-order sliding mode controller is designed using the predictor, reducing reliance on directly measurable states.
    • A disturbance observer is integrated to estimate and counteract external disturbances.

    Main Results:

    • The predictor effectively replaces delayed control inputs with delay-free equivalents.
    • The proposed FOSMC controller demonstrates improved dynamic response and reduced dependence on system states.
    • The disturbance observer enhances system robustness by actively compensating for uncertainties.

    Conclusions:

    • The predictor-based FOSMC strategy is validated as an effective method for load frequency control in delayed interconnected power systems.
    • The approach offers a robust and high-performance solution for maintaining grid stability.
    • The method shows significant promise for practical implementation in modern power grids.