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Transdermal Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Using a Biodegradable Microneedle Array Patch in a Murine Model of Peanut
Hye Jeong Yun1, Eun Yi Oh2, Hyeonho Kim1
1Prolagen, Seoul, Korea.
Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
|October 4, 2025
Summary
Transdermal immunotherapy (TDIT) using peanut extract microneedle array patches (MAP) effectively reduced peanut anaphylaxis symptoms in mice. This novel TDIT approach shows promise for treating peanut allergies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Allergy Research
- Dermatology
Background:
- Peanut anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction, posing a significant global health challenge, especially in pediatric populations.
- Current management strategies for peanut allergy primarily focus on avoidance and emergency treatment, highlighting the need for effective desensitization therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of transdermal immunotherapy (TDIT) utilizing a novel microneedle array patch (MAP) system in a preclinical murine model of peanut anaphylaxis.
Main Methods:
- A biodegradable microneedle array patch (MAP) was developed, incorporating peanut extract (PE) with hyaluronic acid.
- The peanut anaphylaxis model was established in mice, and therapeutic effects were assessed by measuring clinical scores, serum biomarkers (MCPT-1, sIgE, IgG subclasses), T cell populations, and jejunal histology.
- Splenocyte cytokine production (Th2 and Treg related) was analyzed to understand the immunological mechanisms of TDIT.
Main Results:
- Peanut extract incorporated into MAP retained its allergenicity and demonstrated comparable inhibitory capacity for peanut-specific IgE (sIgE) as native extract.
- TDIT with PE-MAP significantly reduced anaphylaxis severity, decreased sIgE and MCPT-1 levels, and enhanced protective IgG4 and IgG1 responses.
- Immunological analysis revealed that TDIT modulated T cell populations, increasing regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Th1 cells while decreasing Th2 cells, and attenuated Th2 cytokine production, ultimately reducing intestinal inflammation and damage.
Conclusions:
- Peanut extract microneedle array patch transdermal immunotherapy (PE-MAP TDIT) exhibits significant therapeutic potential in a murine model of peanut anaphylaxis.
- These findings suggest that PE-MAP TDIT could be a promising novel therapeutic strategy for managing peanut allergy in humans.
