Quantum Dots for Visible-Light-Driven Organic Transformations: a Chemist Perspective

Quantum dots (QDs) were initially explored for their unique optical and electronic properties in photocatalysis, where they demonstrated remarkable efficiency in facilitating selective oxidation, reduction, and carbon-carbon (C-C) bond formation under mild conditions. In particular, their strong absorption in the visible-light region enables efficient harnessing of solar energy, making them ideal candidates for visible-light-driven transformations. Over time, their potential has expanded beyond photocatalysis, and QDs have increasingly been utilized as catalysts in organic synthesis, offering energy-efficient alternatives to traditional methods. Their size-dependent bandgap and high surface area make them versatile tools for driving chemical reactions in a sustainable manner. Recent studies have also highlighted their ability to mediate single-electron transfer (SET) processes, which enhance both reaction efficiency and selectivity. Moreover, QDs have been incorporated into artificial photosystems, improving charge transfer mechanisms and broadening their catalytic applications. In this review, we present the recent advancements in the use of quantum dots in organic synthesis, focusing on their growing role as catalysts in a wide range of transformations. We also explore their potential in sustainable chemistry and the expanding applications of nanotechnology-driven, visible-light-mediated chemical processes.