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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

1.2K
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
1.2K
Dementia01:30

Dementia

517
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
517
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
1.4K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

893
Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
893
Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

1.2K
γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
1.2K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

632
Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
632

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Assessment of Memory Function in Pilocarpine-induced Epileptic Mice
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Assessment of Memory Function in Pilocarpine-induced Epileptic Mice

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[Epilepsy and Dementia].

Naoki Akamatsu1

  • 1Department of Neurology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine.

No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery
|October 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Older adults with epilepsy have double the risk of dementia, and those with dementia have double the risk of epilepsy. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for managing seizures and improving life quality in elderly individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Dementia and epilepsy are more common in older adults.
  • A significant bidirectional relationship exists between epilepsy and dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between epilepsy and dementia in older adults.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and effective management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological studies on epilepsy and dementia in the elderly.
  • Analysis of seizure types and diagnostic difficulties in older adults.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients with epilepsy show a twofold increased risk of dementia.
  • Patients with dementia have a twofold increased risk of developing epilepsy.

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Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
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Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

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Manipulation of Epileptiform Electrocorticograms ECoGs and Sleep in Rats and Mice by Acupuncture
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Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
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  • Common seizure types include focal-onset generalized tonic-clonic and focal impaired awareness seizures.

    • Conclusions:

    • The link between epilepsy and dementia in older adults is strong and bidirectional.
    • Accurate diagnosis of epilepsy in dementia patients and vice versa is challenging but essential.
    • Antiseizure medications are effective for seizure control in newly diagnosed elderly epilepsy patients.