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[Do mouthguards improve performance in sports?]

H A J Reukers¹

¹Kindt and Reukers orthodontists, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Tandheelkunde

|October 8, 2025

Summary

Mouthguards, traditionally for safety, may enhance athletic performance in strength, agility, and endurance. Custom-fitted mouthguards show better results than standard ones, offering potential performance benefits beyond injury prevention.

Area of Science:

Sports Medicine
Biomechanics
Exercise Physiology

Background:

Mouthguards are primarily used for preventing oral injuries in contact sports.
Emerging research indicates potential performance-enhancing effects of mouthguards.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the literature on the effects of mouthguards on athletic performance.
To compare the efficacy of different types of mouthguards for performance enhancement.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies investigating mouthguards and sports performance.
Analysis of proposed physiological mechanisms for performance improvement.

Main Results:

Mouthguards may improve strength, aerobic/anaerobic performance, agility, balance, and flexibility.

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Performance enhancement is potentially linked to temporomandibular joint positioning and jaw clenching.

Custom-made mouthguards appear more effective than standard or boil-and-bite types.

Conclusions:

Mouthguards offer potential performance benefits in addition to safety.
Athletes and coaches should consider mouthguards for both protection and performance enhancement.
Custom mouthguards are recommended for optimal performance outcomes.