Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines01:10

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

3.0K
The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
3.0K
Amines to Sulfonamides: The Hinsberg Test01:23

Amines to Sulfonamides: The Hinsberg Test

4.4K
The Hinsberg test is a method to identify primary, secondary and tertiary amines, named after its pioneer, Oscar Hinsberg. Here, amines are treated with benzenesulfonyl chloride, also known as the Hinsberg reagent, in the presence of an excess of aqueous base, followed by acidification. Based on the nature of the amines, different changes are observed.
Generally, a primary amine reacts with the Hinsberg reagent to produce an N-substituted benzenesulfonamide. The electron-withdrawing sulfonyl...
4.4K
Basicity of Aromatic Amines01:18

Basicity of Aromatic Amines

8.0K
The basicity of aromatic amines is much weaker than that of aliphatic amines due to the involvement of the lone pair of electrons over the N atom in resonance with the aryl rings. Generally, the electron-donating ability of any substituents on the aryl ring of aromatic amines increases the basicity of the amine by increasing electron density, and hence the availability of lone pair on the nitrogen. On the other hand, electron-withdrawing functional groups on the aryl ring of amines decrease the...
8.0K
Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

4.1K
Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
4.1K
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

3.3K
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
3.3K
Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis01:28

Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

4.5K
Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>N</i>-(3,5-Di-chloro-4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)acetamide.

IUCrData·2026
Same author

Synthesis of Difluoroethanols by the Unexpected Nucleophilic Addition of Lactones to Difluoromethyl Ketones and Dimerization of Difluoromethyl Ketones.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same author

HFIP-Induced Formation of <i>O</i>-Aryl Oxyallyl Cation and Nucleophilic Addition with Sodium Sulfinate Salt.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same author

PolyT-GNN: A Graph Neural Network Framework for Data-Driven Discovery of High-Temperature Two-Way Shape Memory Polymers.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Imparting Water Solubility and Aqueous Electrochemical Activity to Ferrocene upon Confinement.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Electroanalytical Methods to Establish the Role of Buffer and Electrolyte Components in Water Denitrification Using a Copper-Based Bioinspired Electrocatalyst.

ACS measurement science au·2026
Same journal

2-[(2,5-Di-methyl-phen-yl)amino]-quinoline-3-carb-oxy-lic acid.

IUCrData·2026
Same journal

20-Oxa-penta-cyclo-[15.2.1.0<sup>2,16</sup>.0<sup>3,8</sup>.0<sup>10,15</sup>]icosa-2(16),3,5,7,10(15),11,13,18-octaen-9-one.

IUCrData·2026
Same journal

(<i>E</i>)-4-Chloro-2-[(4-hy-droxy-3-meth-oxy-benzyl-idene)amino]-phenol.

IUCrData·2026
Same journal

Propyl 4-amino-benzoate.

IUCrData·2026
Same journal

1-(2,2-Di-phenyl-ethen-1-yl)tropylium perchlorate.

IUCrData·2026
Same journal

4-[4-(4-Chloro-1,2,5-thia-diazol-3-yl)phen-yl]morpholine.

IUCrData·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
08:43

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

10.7K

4-[(4-Amino-phen-yl)sulfan-yl]aniline.

Rao M Uppu1, Ogad A Agu2, Patrick F Mensah2

  • 1Department of Environmental Toxicology Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge Louisiana 70813 USA.

Iucrdata
|October 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study redetermined the crystal structure of C12H12N2S, revealing a chiral conformation despite the molecule being achiral. The findings highlight sulfur bridges

Keywords:
4,4′-bridged dianilines4,4′-thio­dianilinecrystal structureshape-memory polymers and vitrimers

More Related Videos

Facile Preparation of 4-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives
11:51

Facile Preparation of 4-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives

Published on: February 15, 2016

12.3K
A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones
07:30

A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones

Published on: January 21, 2020

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
08:43

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

10.7K
Facile Preparation of 4-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives
11:51

Facile Preparation of 4-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives

Published on: February 15, 2016

12.3K
A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones
07:30

A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones

Published on: January 21, 2020

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • The compound C12H12N2S was previously studied.
  • Understanding molecular conformation and crystal packing is crucial for materials design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To redetermine the crystal structure of C12H12N2S.
  • To investigate the relationship between molecular conformation and crystal packing.
  • To explore the role of sulfur bridges in intermolecular interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Low-temperature (100 K) single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
  • Structure refinement.
  • Analysis of intermolecular interactions (hydrogen bonding, π-interactions).

Main Results:

  • The structure was refined, revealing a chiral conformation in the Sohncke space group P212121.
  • The dihedral angle between phenyl groups was determined to be 72.01(7)°.
  • A 3D hydrogen-bonded network was observed involving NH2 substituents, sulfur atoms, nitrogen atoms, and π-systems.

Conclusions:

  • Achiral molecules can adopt chiral conformations in the solid state.
  • Sulfur bridges play a significant role in directing crystal packing and intermolecular interactions.
  • These findings are relevant for tuning packing interactions in polymer design.