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Chitosan-Based Materials for the Fluorescence and Colorimetric Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria: A Comprehensive
Mohammed Sanad Alhussaini1, AbdulRahman Abdulla Ibrahim Alyahya1, Abdullah Abdulrahman Al-Ghanayem1
1Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|October 8, 2025
Summary
Chitosan-based biosensors offer rapid, sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria. Integrating nanomaterials enhances their performance for improved diagnostics in various applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Analytical Chemistry
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Pathogenic bacteria pose a significant public health threat, demanding advanced detection methods.
- Chitosan (CS), a biopolymer, shows promise for developing sensitive and cost-effective biosensors due to its biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advancements in chitosan-based fluorescence and colorimetric biosensors for pathogenic bacteria detection.
- To explore synthesis, functionalization, and nanomaterial integration for enhanced sensor performance.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on chitosan-based optical biosensors.
- Analysis of sensor design incorporating quantum dots, metallic nanoparticles (AgNPs, AuNPs), dyes, and polymers.
- Evaluation of detection mechanisms and sensitivity improvements.
Main Results:
- Chitosan-based sensors demonstrate high sensitivity with limits of detection (LOD) from 6.8 to 900 CFU/mL.
- Nanomaterial hybridization significantly boosts optical performance and specificity.
- Successful application in detecting diverse pathogenic bacteria.
Conclusions:
- Chitosan-based optical biosensors represent a significant advancement in bacterial diagnostics.
- Nanomaterial integration is key to improving sensitivity and specificity.
- Future research should focus on optimizing these platforms for clinical, environmental, and food safety applications.
