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Multiciliated cells: Development, functions and disease relevance.

Dheeraj Rayamajhi1, Sudipto Roy2

  • 1Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore.

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|October 9, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiciliated cells (MCCs) generate motile cilia for movement and sensing. This review explores MCC biology, centriole formation, and how their defects cause human ciliopathies and potential treatments.

Keywords:
Basal bodiesCentriolesCiliaDe novo centriole amplificationGMNCGene therapyMCIDASMulticiliated cellsPrimary ciliary dyskinesiaReduced generation of multiple motile cilia

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Multiciliated cells (MCCs) possess numerous motile cilia crucial for fluid transport and sensory functions.
  • Dysfunctional MCCs and cilia are linked to human diseases like airway disease and infertility.
  • Cilia act as sensory organelles, integrating environmental and intercellular signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of multiciliated cell biology.
  • To highlight recent advancements in understanding centriole biogenesis for multiciliation.
  • To discuss the genetic basis of ciliopathies arising from MCC defects and current therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MCCs, cilia biology, and ciliopathies.
  • Analysis of gene regulatory networks governing MCC specification and differentiation.
  • Examination of mechanisms for centriole duplication in post-mitotic cells.

Main Results:

  • MCCs are found across diverse species and play vital roles in locomotion and fluid dynamics.
  • Post-mitotic MCC precursors exhibit a unique capacity for generating hundreds of centrioles.
  • Disruptions in MCC formation or cilia function lead to ciliopathies affecting multiple organs.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding MCC biology is critical for addressing ciliopathies.
  • Insights into centriole biogenesis offer potential therapeutic targets.
  • Further research into MCCs and cilia holds promise for treating related human diseases.