Veteran Affairs chaplains and addiction care: Current training gaps and needs

Spirituality in addiction treatment is important to holistic care, yet many chaplains in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) frequently encounter these issues without sufficient training. This study assessed current practices and training needs among VA chaplains. Among 151 respondents, many provided addiction care weekly yet endorsed varying levels of comfort and perceived capability. Frequently used interventions included foundational chaplaincy skills (e.g., active listening, grief counseling) alongside occasional change-oriented approaches (e.g., 12-step care, Motivational Interviewing [MI]), and referrals to mental health services. Respondents expressed a desire for training in evidence-based modalities (e.g., MI, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy [ACT], the 12-step model), reporting these would increase comfort and capability. Post-hoc analyses suggested experience with these approaches and ability to refer were related to greater comfort and capability. The study underscores the need for targeted training initiatives and research to optimize the role of VA chaplains in holistic addiction care.