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Related Concept Videos

Endotracheal Tube Extubation01:24

Endotracheal Tube Extubation

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Endotracheal tube extubation is a critical procedure in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. It involves physically removing the oral or nasal endotracheal (ET) tube, marking the final step in liberating a patient from ventilatory support.
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Extubation removes the endotracheal tube (ETT) from the patient on mechanical ventilation. It requires a well-coordinated, multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare professionals....
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Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management01:17

Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management

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Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure that can be lifesaving for many patients with respiratory distress or failure. The role of nursing in managing endotracheal tubes is pivotal, as it involves pre-intubation preparation, assisting during the procedure, and post-extubation care.
1. Nursing Care of Patients Before Intubation
Before the endotracheal intubation procedure, nurses play an essential role in ensuring the process goes smoothly. The nurses must be familiar with intubation...
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Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure01:15

Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure

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Endotracheal or ET intubation is a critical medical procedure used to secure a patient's airway, often in acute respiratory distress, apnea, upper airway obstruction, ineffective clearance of secretions, high risk for aspiration, or during general anesthesia.
The ET tube comprises various components, including a standard adaptor to attach a bag-valve-mask (BVM) or ventilator, a cuff, a pilot balloon, and radiopaque markings along its length to measure the insertion distance. The tube sizes...
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Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes

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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
Tracheostomy tubes can be made of semiflexible plastic (polyurethane or silicone), rigid plastic, or metal, and they come in...
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Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

Tracheostomy Decannulation

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Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...
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Tracheostomy Suctioning II: Procedure01:23

Tracheostomy Suctioning II: Procedure

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Tracheostomy suctioning is a vital nursing procedure that involves removing secretions from the tracheostomy tube to maintain airway patency and prevent respiratory complications. Nurses need to understand the proper technique for tracheostomy suctioning to ensure patient safety and comfort. In this guide, we will outline the step-by-step process for performing tracheostomy suctioning, including preparing the sterile field, donning personal protective equipment (PPE), lubricating and connecting...
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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Awake Nasotracheal Intubation with Flexible Video Rhino-Laryngoscopes
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Awake Nasotracheal Intubation with Flexible Video Rhino-Laryngoscopes

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Extubation in head and neck surgery.

Sheila Nainan Myatra1, Santiago Chaverra Kornerup2,3, Matteo Parotto2,3,4

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|October 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extubation after head and neck surgery requires careful planning due to unique airway risks. A systematic approach ensures patient safety and optimizes outcomes in these complex cases.

Keywords:
airway managementcomplications of extubationextubation strategieshead and neck cancers and delayed extubation

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Surgical Critical Care

Background:

  • Extubation is a critical step in airway management.
  • Head and neck surgery presents unique challenges for extubation due to anatomical complexity and potential for airway compromise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review considerations, risk factors, and management strategies for extubation following head and neck surgery.
  • To highlight the specific challenges differentiating these extubations from routine cases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current guidelines and professional society statements.
  • Analysis of risk factors and management strategies specific to post-head and neck surgery extubation.

Main Results:

  • Head and neck procedures often involve critical airway structures, leading to increased extubation risks.
  • Complications can arise from surgical site edema, altered anatomy, and proximity of surgery to airway structures.
  • Risk stratification, timing, setting, patient optimization, and multidisciplinary planning are crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Extubation after head and neck surgery is complex due to anatomical changes and potential airway compromise.
  • Successful management necessitates considering patient-specific variables, surgical characteristics, and complication management strategies.
  • A systematic approach with thorough risk assessment and comprehensive planning is essential for optimal outcomes.