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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health Interventions

Background:

  • US children's diets are high in calories and low in nutritional quality, often influenced by restaurant food consumption.
  • Children's taste preferences are adaptable, and repeated exposure to healthier options can increase acceptance.
  • Restaurant children's menus often feature palatable but less healthy sweet and salty options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of choice architecture and repeated exposure strategies in influencing children's restaurant meal orders and dietary intake.
  • To present baseline demographic data for a cluster-randomized controlled trial involving children aged 4-8 years in a restaurant setting.

Main Methods:

  • A cluster-randomized controlled trial involving 6 regional quick-service restaurant locations paired by income.
  • Intervention group families received placemats promoting healthier kids' meals and choice architecture strategies (toy instead of dessert).
  • Repeated exposure strategies included frequent diner cards for rewards after purchasing promoted meals; control groups received generic materials.

Main Results:

  • The study cohort included 236 families, with 234 providing demographic data (78.3% female parents, 56.8% female children; mean child age 6.5 years).
  • Data collection occurred from June 2021 to November 2024.
  • Primary outcome is the meal ordered for the child post-intervention, with secondary outcomes including nutritional content (calories, saturated fat, sodium, sugar) of orders and consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Restaurant interventions hold potential for improving children's dietary intake and health due to frequent dining in these settings.
  • Successful interventions could be scaled to impact diverse restaurant types and sociodemographic contexts.
  • Further research on effectiveness, implementation, and dissemination is warranted.