Comprehensive Investigations into the Oil Extraction Process of Yellowish and Blackish Sesame Varieties, Parameters...

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Food Science
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Increasing demand for sesame oil stems from its nutritional, medicinal, and industrial uses, including biodiesel.
• Mechanical oil extraction methods often yield less oil, highlighting the need for optimization.
• Roasting conditions are a potential factor for improving oil yield in sesame seeds.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of heating conditions (temperature and time) on sesame oil extraction parameters.
• To determine optimal roasting parameters for maximizing oil yield in both yellowish and blackish sesame varieties.
• To compare the oil extraction efficiency between yellowish and blackish sesame under varying heating conditions.

Main Methods:

• A factorial experimental design with twenty-six runs was employed.
• Heating conditions varied in temperature (40, 50, 60 °C) and time (15, 30, 45 min).
• Screw pressing was used for mechanical oil extraction, and parameters like moisture content, oil content, weight loss, and oil yield were analyzed.

Main Results:

• Optimal heating conditions were identified: 50 °C for 22.5 min for yellowish sesame and 60 °C for 15 min for blackish sesame.
• Yellowish sesame varieties demonstrated higher crude oil yield (25.496 g, 25.806% oil yield) compared to blackish sesame (20.449 g, 22.215% oil yield).
• Regression models accurately predicted oil extraction parameters, and absorption peak similarities suggest potential for adulteration assessment.

Conclusions:

• Roasting conditions significantly influence sesame oil extraction efficiency.
• Yellowish sesame varieties are more efficient for oil extraction under optimized heating conditions.
• The study provides valuable insights for optimizing sesame oil production and quality assessment.