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Published on: January 15, 2017
Core Competencies in Trauma-Informed Care for Emergency Medicine: A Modified Delphi Consensus
Kathleen Joseph1, Manuel Montaño2, Maria Moreira3
1is an Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Colorado Social Emergency Medicine Collaborative, Denver, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Journal of Graduate Medical Education
|October 17, 2025
Summary
Experts reached consensus on 16 core competencies for trauma-informed care (TIC) in emergency medicine (EM) postgraduate training. This framework aims to improve patient care by addressing trauma
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a framework designed to recognize, respond to, and prevent re-traumatization, fostering resilience.
- While TIC is gaining traction in medical education, a standardized set of core competencies for postgraduate training is lacking.
- Defining these competencies is crucial for developing effective, trauma-informed healthcare professionals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish consensus on essential core competencies for trauma-informed care (TIC) within emergency medicine (EM) postgraduate education.
- To provide a foundational framework for competency-based education in EM.
Main Methods:
- A modified Delphi process was employed, involving experts in TIC recruited through snowball sampling.
- Panelists utilized a 5-point Likert scale via electronic surveys to rank proposed competencies, with a consensus threshold set at a mean of 3.75.
- Thematic analysis of free-text responses and virtual discussion transcripts guided iterative revisions of the competencies.
Main Results:
- Sixteen panelists from 12 institutions participated, initially proposing 49 competencies.
- Following iterative rounds of ranking and discussion, consensus was achieved on 16 core competencies.
- Final competencies included foundational knowledge such as 'define trauma' and 'describe the widespread impact of trauma on health'.
Conclusions:
- Consensus was successfully achieved on 16 core competencies for trauma-informed care in emergency medicine physicians-in-training.
- These competencies provide a vital guide for developing standardized, competency-based postgraduate EM education.
- Implementation of these competencies is expected to enhance patient care by integrating trauma-informed principles.
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