Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

2.6K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
2.6K
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

281
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
281
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

658
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
658
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

653
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
653
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

430
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
430
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

195
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
195

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Telepsychiatry in a Rural Inpatient Psychiatric Hospital: A Model for Expanding Access to High-Quality Care.

Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

2023 Paper of the Year.

Current sports medicine reports·2024
Same author

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Career Stage Associate with Visible Perivascular Spaces in Special Operations Forces Soldiers.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2024
Same author

Factors Affecting Family Caregivers' Satisfaction During Virtual Care Visits.

Studies in health technology and informatics·2024
Same author

2022 Paper of the Year.

Current sports medicine reports·2023
Same author

Utilization and Satisfaction of an On-Demand Telemedicine Service in Urban and Rural Communities.

Studies in health technology and informatics·2023
Same journal

For Post-stent Patients With Atherosclerotic Coronary Vascular Disease Who Are Taking an Anticoagulant, Adding Aspirin Worsens Outcomes.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Diagnosis and Management.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Aerobic Exercise Is the Better Exercise Modality for Knee Osteoarthritis.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Overscreening Leads to Overdiagnosis of MASLD.

American family physician·2026
Same journal

Type 2 Diabetes: Outpatient Insulin Management.

American family physician·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

7.0K

Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Amir Barzin1, Kathleen K Barnhouse2, Shawn F Kane2

  • 1University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill.

American Family Physician
|October 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is common and presents with symptoms like edema and dyspnea. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors can reduce hospitalizations and mortality in HFpEF patients.

More Related Videos

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

2.3K
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF
03:42

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF

Published on: March 29, 2024

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

7.0K
A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

2.3K
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF
03:42

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF

Published on: March 29, 2024

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the most common type of heart failure, affecting up to 10% of adults.
  • HFpEF is characterized by impaired ventricular filling and ejection, leading to reduced cardiac output.
  • Symptoms include peripheral edema, dyspnea, orthopnea, jugular venous distention, and specific echocardiographic findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnosis and management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
  • To highlight the role of specific medications in managing HFpEF.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in HFpEF treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis involves clinical presentation, laboratory values (e.g., elevated N-terminal fragment of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide), and echocardiography.
  • Management focuses on treating comorbid conditions like hypertension, obesity, and obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Pharmacological treatments include sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, loop diuretics, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and angiotensin receptor blocker/neprilysin inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors demonstrated a reduction in heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular mortality in eligible patients.
  • Established medications like loop diuretics, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and ARNI/ARB are also utilized.
  • Consultation with a heart failure specialist is recommended for refractory cases or end-organ dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and management of HFpEF are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors represent a significant advancement in HFpEF pharmacotherapy.
  • A multidisciplinary approach, including specialist consultation when necessary, optimizes HFpEF care.