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  3. Intergenerational Neuroimaging's Present And Future: Considering Sex As A Biological Variable To Enhance Knowledge Of Brain Development Through Parent-offspring Similarity.
  1. Home
  3. Intergenerational Neuroimaging's Present And Future: Considering Sex As A Biological Variable To Enhance Knowledge Of Brain Development Through Parent-offspring Similarity.

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Intergenerational neuroimaging's present and future: Considering sex as a biological variable to enhance knowledge of

Izumi Matsudaira1, Ryo Yamaguchi2

  • 1Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
|October 23, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.
Keywords:
Brain developmentBrain similarityIntergenerational neuroimagingIntergenerational transmissionMagnetic resonance imagingParent-of-origin effectsParent–offspring

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Intergenerational neuroimaging reveals brain similarities between parents and offspring. Understanding genetic and environmental factors, including sex as a biological variable, is key to uncovering transmission mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Intergenerational neuroimaging investigates brain similarities between parents and offspring to understand neural transmission.
  • Identifying similar brain regions alone is insufficient; genetic and environmental factors are crucial.
  • Sex as a biological variable (SABV) is important in brain development but its role in parent-offspring brain similarity is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing intergenerational neuroimaging studies.
  • To explore the influence of genetic and environmental factors on sex-specific parent-offspring brain similarities.
  • To propose future research directions for understanding parent-offspring brain similarity.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of published intergenerational neuroimaging studies.
  • Categorization of studies based on parent-offspring dyad type (mother-offspring, father-offspring, combined).
  • Analysis of genetic and environmental factors contributing to observed brain similarities.

    • Main Results:

    • Summarized findings from mother-offspring, father-offspring, and combined dyad studies.
    • Highlighted potential genetic and environmental influences on sex-specific brain similarities.
    • Identified a gap in research regarding SABV's role in parent-offspring brain similarity.

    Conclusions:

    • Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms of parent-offspring brain similarity.
    • Considering SABV is essential for a comprehensive understanding of intergenerational brain development.
    • Advancements may improve understanding of mental health transmission and prevention strategies.