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System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Comprehensive Review of Phytotherapeutic Methods for Treating tuberculosis.

Reetu Chauhan¹, Shikha Sharma¹, Jagdish K Sahu²

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Lords University, Chikani, Alwar, 301028, Rajasthan, India.

Current Drug Discovery Technologies

|October 24, 2025

Summary

Medicinal plants offer novel treatments for tuberculosis (TB), including drug-resistant strains. Their phytochemicals show promise against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, addressing the urgent need for new anti-TB drugs.

Keywords:

Tuberculosis medicinal plants mycobacterium natural products.phytoconstituents vaccines

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Area of Science:

Phytochemistry
Microbiology
Pharmacology

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) incidence is rising globally, driven by drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains.
Existing first-line and second-line TB drugs are becoming less effective due to resistance.
Multi-Drug-Resistant (MDR) and extensively-Drug-Resistant (XDR) TB necessitate novel therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current synthetic drugs for TB treatment.
To highlight the potential of medicinal plants and their phytochemicals in combating TB.
To explore alternative sources for novel anti-TB drug development.

Main Methods:

Literature review of current synthetic TB drugs.
Survey of research on medicinal plants with anti-tubercular activity.
Analysis of phytochemical constituents with antimicrobial properties.

Main Results:

Medicinal plants contain secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids.
These phytochemicals exhibit antimicrobial properties effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Identified phytochemicals show potential for treating MDR and XDR TB strains.

Conclusions:

Medicinal plants are a valuable source for discovering new anti-TB agents.
Phytochemicals from these plants offer a promising strategy against drug-resistant TB.
Further research into plant-derived compounds is crucial for developing novel TB therapies.