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Motility-Induced Crystallization and Rotating Crystallites.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Active soft matter exhibits motility-induced phase separation and crystallization. This study explores thermodynamic and active influences on these processes, revealing new phase diagrams and cluster behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Active soft matter shows motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) and crystallization.
  • Self-propelled particles form liquidlike or crystalline clusters.
  • Understanding active vs. passive influences is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between passive (thermodynamic) and active (motility-induced) condensation/evaporation and crystallization/melting.
  • To develop and utilize a higher-order active phase-field-crystal model.
  • To analyze stability and morphological phase diagrams.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a higher-order active phase-field-crystal model.
  • Numerical simulations to study phase transitions and morphology.
  • Analysis of stability and morphological phase diagrams.

Main Results:

  • Phase diagrams reveal various phase coexistences and transitions.
  • Passive clusters can be destroyed by density-independent active velocity.
  • Active clusters can form with density-dependent active velocity.
  • Rotating crystallites, including chiral states, were observed.

Conclusions:

  • The model successfully captures the interplay of active and passive forces in soft matter.
  • Active velocity dependence significantly impacts cluster formation and stability.
  • Complex dynamic behaviors like rotating chiral crystallites emerge from the model.