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Related Concept Videos

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Social psychology examines how the real or imagined presence of others influences individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. A key concept in this field is the role of social context in shaping behavior. The same individual may act differently depending on the social setting, due to the varying expectations and norms associated with each environment. This context-dependent behavior illustrates the influence of social roles, which prescribe appropriate conduct in specific situations.Social...
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Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
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The need for affiliation is a fundamental human motive that drives individuals to form and maintain interpersonal relationships. This universal drive varies in intensity among individuals due to genetic predispositions and life experiences, shaping it into a relatively stable personality trait. Social inclusion enhances emotional well-being by fulfilling the need for affiliation, whereas social exclusion leads to distress, negative emotions, and cognitive impairments.Psychological and Emotional...
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The significance of social relationships in psychological well-being is a well-established area of inquiry within social psychology. Research consistently demonstrates that the presence of meaningful, supportive relationships enhances emotional health, while the absence or deterioration of such connections can contribute to psychological distress. Relationships serve as a foundation for emotional support, identity, and social belonging, all of which are critical to an individual’s overall...
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Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
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Social Mismatch and Affective Wellbeing: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Lianne P de Vries1,2, Meike Bartels1,2

  • 1Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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Social contact's impact on mood depends on individual needs. Mismatches in social interaction, whether too little or too much, affect emotional well-being, with implications for mental health.

Keywords:
Depressive symptomsEcological momentary assessmentGenetic predispositionPositive and negative affectSocial contactSocial mismatchWellbeing

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Affective Science

Background:

  • Affective benefits of social contact are contingent on momentary social needs.
  • Discrepancies between desired and actual social contact can lead to social deprivation or oversatiation.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for affective well-being, especially considering genetic predispositions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between social contact mismatch and affective well-being.
  • To investigate the role of genetic predispositions for loneliness, well-being, and depressive symptoms.
  • To explore the temporal dynamics of social needs and their impact on affect.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 7-day Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs) in a general population sample of 1,086 adults.
  • Collected data on affect and social contact eight times daily.
  • Employed Dynamic Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to analyze the complex relationships.

Main Results:

  • Higher social mismatch was associated with increased negative affect and decreased positive affect, both concurrently and up to two hours later.
  • Social oversatiation unexpectedly correlated with reduced negative affect after two hours.
  • Younger adults and those with a genetic predisposition for higher well-being exhibited stronger effects of social mismatch on positive affect.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between social contact, individual needs, and affective well-being is intricate and dynamic.
  • Momentary social needs significantly influence affective states.
  • Individual differences, including age and genetic factors, modulate the impact of social contact on emotional health.