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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

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Advanced 3D In Vitro Liver Fibrosis Models: Spheroids, Organoids, and Liver-on-Chips.

Jae Eun Lee1,2, Yu-Jeong Lee1, Jeong-Kee Yoon1

  • 1Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si 17546, Republic of Korea.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Advanced 3D models like spheroids, organoids, and liver-on-a-chip platforms offer superior preclinical insights into liver fibrosis (LF) compared to traditional 2D cultures. These models improve disease modeling and drug testing for liver fibrosis.

Keywords:
liver fibrosisliver-on-a-chiporganoidspreclinical modelspheroids

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hepatology
  • Preclinical Disease Modeling

Background:

  • Liver fibrosis (LF) is a growing health concern with limited treatments.
  • Current 2D cell cultures fail to replicate the complex liver microenvironment.
  • There is a need for advanced preclinical models for liver fibrosis research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review bioengineering strategies for creating 3D liver fibrosis models.
  • To highlight the advantages and limitations of these advanced models.
  • To discuss the clinical translation potential of 3D liver fibrosis models.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on 3D in vitro models for liver fibrosis.
  • Analysis of bioengineering techniques used in constructing spheroids, organoids, and liver-on-a-chip platforms.
  • Evaluation of model performance in recapitulating liver fibrosis pathophysiology.

Main Results:

  • 3D in vitro models (spheroids, organoids, LoC) provide more physiologically relevant microenvironments than 2D cultures.
  • These models better represent multicellular interactions and spatial architecture of fibrotic liver tissue.
  • 3D models facilitate improved liver fibrosis disease modeling and patient-specific drug screening.

Conclusions:

  • 3D in vitro models represent a significant advancement over 2D cultures for liver fibrosis research.
  • Bioengineered 3D liver fibrosis models hold promise for drug development and personalized medicine.
  • Further development is needed to optimize these models for seamless clinical translation.