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Risk Factors for the Development of Malignancies Post-Transplantation in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Kalliopi Vallianou1, Ioannis Bellos1,2, Vassilis Filiopoulos1
1Clinic of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Biomedicines
|October 29, 2025
Summary
Cancer is a significant threat for kidney transplant recipients. A history of rejection and glomerulonephritis as the primary kidney disease increase malignancy risk, not specific immunosuppressants.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Malignancies are a leading cause of death in kidney transplant recipients, with increasing global incidence.
- Understanding de novo malignancy frequency and associated factors is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the incidence of de novo malignancies in kidney transplant recipients.
- To identify risk factors associated with malignancy development post-transplantation.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 2986 kidney transplant recipients from 1979-2023.
- Comparison of patients with and without de novo malignancies, matched for age, sex, and transplant year.
- Multivariate logistic regression to determine risk factors for cancer development.
Main Results:
- 8.98% of recipients (268/2986) developed malignancies, with a median onset of 8 years post-transplant.
- Lung cancer and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease were the most common malignancies.
- History of rejection (OR=1.75) and glomerulonephritis as primary kidney disease (OR=2.23) were significant risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Cancer occurrence in kidney transplant recipients is linked to the overall burden of immunosuppression.
- Specific immunosuppressive drugs were not identified as independent risk factors for de novo malignancies.
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