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Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
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Molecular Therapy and Targeted Treatment for Cancer (with Surgical Lenses)

Narjust Florez1, Arthi Sridhar2, Lauren Kiel3

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cancer Care Equity Program, Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.

Thoracic Surgery Clinics
|October 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This review covers targeted and combination therapies for early-stage lung cancer, emphasizing molecular testing and treatment strategies like neoadjuvant and adjuvant approaches.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Early-stage, resectable lung cancer treatment is evolving.
  • Molecular testing is crucial for guiding therapy decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update on targeted and combination therapies for early-stage, resectable lung cancer.
  • To compare neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment strategies.
  • To discuss future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of landmark clinical trials.
  • Analysis of serious adverse events and surgical outcomes.
  • Discussion of contemporary developments in oncogenic drivers.

Main Results:

  • Highlighting clinical relevance of molecular testing.
  • Comparing immunotherapy and targeted therapy.
  • Overview of adverse events and surgical outcomes in trials.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted treatments show promise in the peri-operative setting.
  • Further research is needed for less common oncogenic drivers.
  • Balancing benefits and risks of neoadjuvant vs. adjuvant therapy is key.
Keywords:
AdjuvantClinical trialsEarly-stage non-small cell lung cancerImmunotherapyNeoadjuvantPerioperativeSurgeryTargeted therapy

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