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Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport01:17

Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport

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Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
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Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
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Many fundamental cell functions such as muscle contraction and nerve transmission rely on the electrical signals produced by the movement of positively and negatively charged ions across the cell membrane. One competent method to record current flowing across the whole cell or single ion channel is the patch-clamp technique.
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Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that...
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Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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Facilitated Transport

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The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a...
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Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
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Precision Synthesis and Modulation of Ion Diffusion Interface.

Jingchi Gao1,2, Changshui Huang1,3, Xinlong Fu1,2

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.

Precision Chemistry
|October 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed advanced battery electrodes by immobilizing redox-active naphthalene diamides (TBNDI) within 2D graphdiyne (GDY). This creates high-density storage sites for superior electrochemical energy storage and long-lasting battery performance.

Keywords:
Fast DesolvationHybrid Storage MechanismInterfacial CompatibilityPorous StructureStructure Design

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • High-density energy storage is crucial for battery performance breakthroughs.
  • Electrochemical energy storage systems require advanced electrode materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To immobilize redox-active naphthalene diamides (TBNDI) within 2D graphdiyne (GDY) for novel composite electrodes.
  • To enhance electrochemical energy storage by creating hierarchical ion diffusion pathways and tunable electronic properties.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of carbon-based TBNDI-GDY composite electrodes.
  • Characterization of electrode kinetics, interfacial compatibility, and desolvation capabilities.
  • Electrochemical testing including specific capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability.
  • Dynamic kinetic tracking and lithium active site visualization.

Main Results:

  • Achieved ultrahigh specific capacity of 2079 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g.
  • Demonstrated remarkable rate capacity and ultralong stability over 10,000 cycles at 5 A/g.
  • Confirmed capacity contribution from lithium-ion capture, Li-C orbital coupling, nanopore filling, and graphitic region interaction.
  • Identified C=O-N groups' role in modulating electronic structure and promoting redox activities.

Conclusions:

  • Rational design of ion diffusion interfaces significantly enhances electrode material properties for high-performance batteries.
  • The TBNDI-GDY composite electrodes offer a promising platform for next-generation energy storage.
  • Strategic molecular design enables tunable electronic modulation and superior electrochemical performance.