Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

87.5K

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Moderate to Late Preterm Infants: A Population at Risk

Rachel H Goode1, Kendell R German2, Dennis Z Kuo3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medicine Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Neoreviews
|October 31, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Moderate to late preterm (MLPT) infants, born between 32-36 weeks, face developmental and behavioral risks. This review examines their outcomes, neonatal care, and neurodevelopmental impacts.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preterm birth affects an estimated 10% of the population.
  • Moderate to late preterm (MLPT) infants (32–36 weeks gestation) comprise 75% of preterm births.
  • MLPT infants often receive less follow-up care compared to extremely preterm infants, despite emerging evidence of developmental risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of outcomes for MLPT infants.
  • To analyze factors influencing neonatal care for MLPT infants compared to term and extremely preterm peers.
  • To examine neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes associated with MLPT birth.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data.
  • Comparative analysis of neonatal care practices.
  • Synthesis of studies on neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes.

Main Results:

  • MLPT infants are at increased risk for developmental differences and disorders.
  • Behavioral and emotional differences are noted in MLPT populations.
  • There is a recognized need for enhanced parenting support for families of MLPT infants.

Conclusions:

  • MLPT birth is associated with significant neurodevelopmental and behavioral challenges.
  • Tailored medical and developmental follow-up is crucial for MLPT infants.
  • Further research and targeted interventions are needed to support this vulnerable population.

More Related Videos

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

11.8K
A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

10.8K

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
733
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.8K
Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
45.2K
Socioemotional Development during Infancy01:30

Socioemotional Development during Infancy

Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
418
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
946
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
3.9K