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Post-Operative Infections Following Dentoalveolar Surgery Admitted to an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tertiary
Ali A R Musa1, Emilija D Jensen2, Ruby Richardson2
1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
Australian Dental Journal
|November 3, 2025
Summary
Post-operative infections after dentoalveolar surgery are common, with high rates of antibiotic resistance, particularly to clindamycin. These resistant infections lead to longer hospital stays, highlighting the need for better antibiotic stewardship and prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Post-operative infections (POI) following dentoalveolar surgery pose a significant challenge in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS).
- Understanding the prevalence, characteristics, and management of POI is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burdens.
- Tertiary care settings often manage complex cases of POI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the prevalence, characteristics, and management of post-operative infections (POI) after dentoalveolar surgery.
- To analyze patient demographics, clinical management, antibiotic use, and microbiological findings in POI cases.
- To assess the impact of antibiotic resistance on patient outcomes, including hospital stay duration.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cross-sectional audit of 107 patients admitted with POI to a tertiary OMS unit from January 2019 to December 2023.
- Data collection included demographics, surgical procedures, infection sites, antibiotic use, and microbiological results.
- Descriptive and quantitative statistical methods were employed for data analysis.
Main Results:
- The mean age of patients was 43.5 years, with a female predominance (57.9%).
- Mandibular molars were the most common source (88.8%), with submandibular space involvement frequent (42.1%).
- A 35% antibiotic resistance rate was observed, with high clindamycin resistance (22.5%), leading to significantly longer hospital stays (8.9 vs. 4.9 days).
Conclusions:
- Post-operative infections following dentoalveolar surgery represent a substantial clinical and economic burden.
- High rates of antibiotic resistance, particularly to clindamycin, complicate management and increase hospital stays.
- Improved antibiotic stewardship, enhanced preventive strategies, and early definitive management are essential for optimizing patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
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