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Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

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Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
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Design Consideration01:22

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Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
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Rethinking infrastructure design from component failure to systemic resilience.

Sam Dulin1,2, Stergios-Aristoteles Mitoulis3,4, Alexandre Bredikhin5

  • 1Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 696 Virginia Rd, Concord, MA, USA.

Nature Communications
|November 3, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infrastructure design must shift from risk-based to resilience-based approaches. A systems-based framework, considering cascading failures, is crucial for economic stability after major disruptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Civil Engineering
  • Infrastructure Resilience
  • Regional Economics

Background:

  • Traditional bridge design prioritizes load-based risk criteria.
  • Existing methods often neglect cascading effects on interconnected infrastructure and economies.
  • The Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse highlights these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for a systems-based infrastructure design approach.
  • To quantify the economic impacts of cascading failures beyond direct infrastructure damage.
  • To assess regional resilience using a case study.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse as a case study.
  • Employed the regional economic model TranSight.
  • Compared economic impacts of local transportation disruption versus combined bridge-and-port failures.

Main Results:

  • Combined bridge and port disruptions significantly increase losses in GDP, employment, income, and labor force.
  • Some economic indicators may not recover until 2040.
  • The Baltimore region demonstrated limited resilience to compounding shocks.

Conclusions:

  • Infrastructure design must evolve beyond component-focused risk assessment.
  • A quantifiable resilience framework is necessary for interconnected systems.
  • Systems-based design balancing risk reduction and recovery capacity is essential.