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Antarctic grounding line delineation from the Italian Space Agency COSMO-SkyMed DInSAR data
Natalya Ross1, Pietro Milillo2,3,4, Luigi Dini5
1Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. nmaslenn@cougarnet.uh.edu.
Scientific Data
|November 3, 2025
Summary
A new Antarctic grounding line dataset, mapped using COSMO-SkyMed radar, precisely tracks glacier changes. This data reveals grounding line migrations and retreat rates, crucial for understanding ice sheet dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Glaciology
- Earth Observation
- Remote Sensing
Background:
- The Antarctic ice sheet's grounding line position is critical for sea-level rise predictions.
- Previous datasets faced limitations in mapping fast-flowing glaciers and observing tidal influences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a novel Antarctic grounding line dataset derived from COSMO-SkyMed Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR).
- To enable precise grounding line mapping in challenging Antarctic regions and observe grounding line dynamics.
Main Methods:
- Manual mapping of grounding lines using 794 COSMO-SkyMed X-band DInSAR interferograms.
- Utilizing 1-day repeat-pass interferometry for high-precision measurements between July 2020 and March 2022.
- Data collection covered 74 glaciers across East Antarctica, West Antarctica, and the Antarctic Peninsula.
Main Results:
- The dataset offers extensive coverage and precise grounding line mapping, outperforming other sensors in fast-flowing areas.
- Observed grounding line migrations driven by ocean tides.
- Enabled estimation of long-term retreat rates for key glaciers like Thwaites and Pine Island.
Conclusions:
- The COSMO-SkyMed DInSAR dataset is a valuable resource for monitoring Antarctic grounding lines and their response to environmental changes.
- This dataset enhances our ability to study ice-ocean interactions and improve sea-level rise models.
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