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CD36 is required for human sapovirus propagation.

Tomoichiro Oka^1,2, Yuko Okemoto-Nakamura³, Hirotaka Takagi⁴

¹Department of Virology II, Japan Institute for Health Security, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.

Journal of Virology

|November 5, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

CD36 is a critical cellular protein essential for human sapovirus (HuSaV) propagation across all tested genotypes. Re-expression of CD36 in cells restored HuSaV propagation, confirming its vital role in viral replication.

Keywords:

CD36 CRISPR/Cas9 based genome-wide knockout screening antigen ELISA conjugated bile acids conventional cell lines human sapovirus lentiviral vector

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Area of Science:

Virology
Cell Biology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Human sapoviruses (HuSaVs) cause acute gastroenteritis and exhibit high genetic diversity.
Previous studies efficiently propagated 15 HuSaV genotype strains in HuTu80 cells, but host factors remained unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify host cellular factors critical for human sapovirus (HuSaV) infection and propagation.
To investigate the role of CD36 in the replication of diverse HuSaV genotypes.

Main Methods:

Utilized a knockout approach in HuTu80 cells to identify essential cellular proteins for HuSaV propagation.
Re-expressed CD36 in knockout cells and introduced human CD36 into non-human cells (CHO-K1, Vero) to assess HuSaV propagation.
Tested propagation of 15 HuSaV genotype strains across engineered cell lines.

Main Results:

CD36 was identified as a critical cellular protein essential for the propagation of all 15 tested HuSaV genotypes in HuTu80 cells.
Re-expression of CD36 restored propagation for most HuSaV genotypes in knockout HuTu80 cells.
Human CD36 expression enabled propagation of multiple HuSaV genotypes in CHO-K1 and Vero cells, confirming its essential role.

Conclusions:

CD36 is an essential host cellular factor for the propagation of diverse human sapovirus genotypes.
Findings advance understanding of HuSaV propagation mechanisms and inform strategies for antiviral development and control.
This research paves the way for developing HuSaV-susceptible animal models.