Simultaneous co-delivery of a reporter EGFP gene and doxorubicin to HepG2 cells using AuNPs-Functionalized Graphene

Sanaz Hosseini1, Ali Khorsand Zak2, Abbas Nikravesh1

  • 1Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan of University of Medical Science, Bojnurd, Iran.

PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study developed a novel nanocarrier for targeted hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. The graphene oxide-gold nanoparticle system co-delivers doxorubicin and EGFP, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while reducing toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global cancer mortality cause.
  • Doxorubicin (DOX) is effective but toxic, requiring dose reduction strategies.
  • Novel drug delivery systems are needed to improve HCC treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a graphene oxide-gold nanoparticle (GO-AuNP) nanocarrier.
  • To achieve co-delivery of DOX and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) plasmid for HCC therapy.
  • To evaluate the nanocarrier's efficacy and safety in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of AuNPs-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanostructures.
  • Assessment of transfection efficiency and drug release kinetics.
  • Evaluation of cytotoxicity on HepG2 (HCC) and L929 (normal) cell lines.

Main Results:

  • GO-Au nanocarriers showed controlled DOX release, inhibiting HepG2 proliferation at 72 hours.
  • Fluorescence imaging confirmed successful EGFP transfection and cellular uptake.
  • Nanocarriers delivered DOX effectively at lower doses with reduced toxicity to L929 cells.

Conclusions:

  • The GO-Au nanostructure enables efficient co-delivery of DOX and EGFP into HCC cells.
  • This dual-functional nanoplatform demonstrates improved transfection and reduced normal cell toxicity.
  • The system offers a promising approach for real-time monitoring of gene and drug delivery in HCC treatment.