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Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers

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Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
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Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease

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Published on: December 18, 2016

Terminology and Interpretation Across Neuromuscular Profiling Methods: A Systematic Review.

Kelvin Yh Chua¹, Samuel R Leahey², Danny Lum^3,4

¹Precision Sport Science, Redwood City, CA, United States of America. kchua@precisionsportscience.com.

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)

|November 6, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neuromuscular profiling (NP) terms like "explosive" are inconsistently defined, hindering accurate interpretation. This review clarifies NP terminology and identifies limitations for standardized application in sports science.

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Area of Science:

Sport Science
Biomechanics
Human Movement Analysis

Background:

Neuromuscular profiling (NP) objectively assesses function for training.
Inconsistent terminology and calculation methods for NP metrics limit practical application and cross-study comparisons.
A framework is needed to validate NP terminology against measured outputs and intended traits.

Purpose of the Study:

Evaluate if common NP terms accurately reflect intended neuromuscular characteristics.
Assess six NP methods: Dynamic Strength Index, Eccentric Utilisation Ratio, Force-Velocity Profile, Impulse Analysis, Reactive Strength Index, and Reactive Strength Index Modified.
Identify methodological limitations impacting NP interpretation and standardization.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search (PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus) yielding 184 studies.
Modified quality scale for relevance assessment.
Extracted data on NP outputs, labels, mechanisms, and evidence; synthesized findings by themes.

Main Results:

Evaluated 209 NP methods (147 ratio-based, 62 non-ratio-based).
NP interpretation is task-dependent and affected by methodological variability.
Inconsistent terminology, definitions, and calculations were observed; common terms include 'explosive', 'springy', 'stiff', and 'strong'.

Conclusions:

This review synthesizes NP terminology, interpretation, and limitations.
Clarifying NP terms and addressing methodological issues can enhance communication.
Standardized use of NP tools in sports science and performance settings can be improved.