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Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
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Related Experiment Video

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Site Specific Lysine Acetylation of Histones for Nucleosome Reconstitution using Genetic Code Expansion in Escherichia coli
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cGAS-STING: From immunology and oncology view.

Xiangxiang Liu1, Chengshi Ding1, Jun Lu2

  • 1College of Life Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277160, China.

Chinese Medical Journal
|November 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway is crucial for innate immunity and detecting DNA. This review explores its functions and therapeutic potential, especially in cancer treatments.

Keywords:
Autoimmune disordersCancer immunotherapyTargeted therapiesType I interferonscGAS–STING pathway

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway is a key component of the innate immune system.
  • It detects cytosolic double-stranded DNA from various sources, initiating immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the key findings, functions, and components of the cGAS-STING pathway.
  • To discuss factors influencing pathway regulation and its role in health and disease.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of the cGAS-STING pathway, particularly in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on the cGAS-STING pathway.
  • Analysis of mechanistic insights and clinical perspectives.
  • Integration of fundamental discoveries with therapeutic applications.

Main Results:

  • The cGAS-STING pathway synthesizes 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) upon activation, which triggers STING.
  • Activation leads to downstream immune responses, including type I interferons and cytokines.
  • The pathway is implicated in various pathologies and shows promise as a therapeutic target.

Conclusions:

  • The cGAS-STING pathway is a vital regulator of innate immunity with significant therapeutic implications.
  • Understanding its regulation and function is crucial for developing novel treatments for diseases, including cancer.
  • This review bridges basic science discoveries with clinical applications of cGAS-STING biology.