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Related Concept Videos

Types of Cement II01:22

Types of Cement II

377
Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate...
377
Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

778
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
778
Types of Cement I01:21

Types of Cement I

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Portland cement comes in several types, each with distinct properties and applications based on their chemical composition and hydration characteristics:
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
333
Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

Accelerated Curing of Concrete

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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
434
Additives and Fillers in Concrete01:29

Additives and Fillers in Concrete

316
Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
The...
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Pozzolans01:21

Pozzolans

464
Pozzolans are siliceous or aluminous materials blended with Portland cement. They interact with the calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement and contribute to improved strength and durability of concrete. The pozzolanic activity, a measure of a pozzolan's effectiveness, is typically assessed using the strength activity index, as defined in ASTM C 618-93, which calculates the ratio of the compressive strength of cement mixtures with and without pozzolan.
Fly ash is...
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Cement-Based Grouting Materials Modified with GO/NS Hybrids.

Longfei Lu1, Guoxiang Yang1, Yan Ai1

  • 1School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Graphene oxide (GO) and nano-silica sol (NS) enhance cement grouting material strength. Optimal low-dosage combinations improve mechanical properties by optimizing microstructure, but high dosages cause degradation.

Keywords:
cement-based groutgraphene oxidemechanical propertiesnano-silicasynergistic effect

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Civil Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Cement-based grouting materials are crucial in civil engineering.
  • Enhancing their mechanical properties and workability is a key research area.
  • Graphene oxide (GO) and nano-silica sol (NS) show potential as performance-enhancing additives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the individual and combined effects of GO and NS on cement grouting materials.
  • To elucidate the synergistic mechanisms between GO and NS.
  • To determine optimal dosage ranges and combination principles for improved material performance.

Main Methods:

  • Macroscopic tests: setting time, fluidity, bleeding rate, mechanical strength (flexural and compressive).
  • Microstructural characterization: SEM, XRD, MIP, FTIR.
  • Systematic variation of GO and NS dosages.

Main Results:

  • Both NS and GO reduced setting time and bleeding rate, and enhanced mechanical strength.
  • NS adversely affected fluidity more than GO.
  • Low-dosage co-incorporation (2 wt% NS + 0.01 wt% GO) significantly increased flexural (13.5%) and compressive (45.5%) strengths.
  • Synergistic effects optimized hydrate morphology and pore structure.
  • High dosages led to agglomeration, microstructural deterioration, and performance degradation.

Conclusions:

  • Synergistic effects between NS and GO can significantly enhance cement grouting material properties.
  • Optimal dosage and combination strategies are critical to avoid negative impacts.
  • This research provides a foundation for designing high-performance cementitious composites.