Differentiating and Managing Emerging Tropical Vector-Borne Diseases During Pregnancy

Vector-borne diseases, including dengue, Zika virus, chikungunya, and Oropouche, pose significant health risks during pregnancy, with potential adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. As a result of expanding vector habitats, there is increasing likelihood that obstetricians will encounter these illnesses in their clinical practice. This clinical guidance aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of tropical vector-borne diseases in pregnant individuals, emphasizing clinical risk stratification based on epidemiologic risk factors. The clinical overlap with other obstetric syndromes such as intrauterine inflammation and infection underscores the importance of early detection to mitigate adverse pregnancy outcomes. Discussion of preventive measures, including vector control, the use of repellents, and vaccination, is included.