High-Sensitivity Troponin 1 as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for HFpEF in Low-Income Rural Settings
Arjun Mallasandra Balakrishna1, Sreekanth B Shetty2, Deepak Krishnamurthy3
1Department of Medicine, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences, Devanahalli, India.
Insights
High-sensitivity cardiac troponin 1 (hs-cTn1) is a strong predictor of adverse outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Elevated hs-cTn1 levels indicate a higher risk of rehospitalization, major adverse cardiovascular events, and mortality.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Heart Failure Research
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) presents a significant global health burden, particularly in resource-limited regions.
- There is a critical need for cost-effective and readily available biomarkers for HF management.
Background:
Heart failure causes high morbidity and mortality globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries, highlighting the need for affordable, accessible, and effective biomarkers.
Objectives:
To evaluate the prognostic utility of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin 1 (hs-cTn1) levels in predicting rehospitalization, major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), and mortality rates among patients who have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
Methods:
In a prospective observational study, 94 patients diagnosed with HFpEF were stratified based on their admission hs-cTn1 level into 4 groups. The patients were evaluated for 12 months to study rehospitalization rates, incidence of MACE, and mortality.
Results:
Patients with hs-cTn1 level >30 ng/L exhibited the highest rates of rehospitalization (72.7%), MACE (81.8%), and mortality (36.4%). A stepwise decrease in these events was observed with lower hs-cTn1 levels. Statistical analysis confirmed significant associations between hs-cTn1 concentrations and all measured outcomes.
Conclusions:
Results indicated that hs-cTn1 serves as a potent prognostic biomarker for HFpEF, with higher levels indicating greater risks of rehospitalization, MACE, and mortality.
Take-Home Message:
Elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin 1 (hs-cTn1) levels are strongly associated with increased risks of rehospitalization, major adverse cardiovascular events, and mortality in heart failure patients. Given its affordability and accessibility, hs-cTn1 testing can emerge as a practical tool for early risk stratification in resource-limited settings.
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