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Updated: Jul 13, 2026
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Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
Published on: February 17, 2011
Image-Based Sexual Abuse: Characteristics Linked to Different Reasons Why Youth Decide Not to Disclose
Kimberly J Mitchell1, Lisa M Jones2, Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan3
1Crimes Against Children Research Center, University of New Hampshire, 10 West Drive, Suite 106, Durham, NH, 03824, USA. Kimberly.Mitchell@unh.edu.
Summary
Many young people fear family trouble, shame, or self-reliance when not disclosing image-based sexual abuse. Addressing these fears and stigma is crucial for survivors to find help.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Criminology
Background:
- Image-based sexual abuse is a growing technology-facilitated harm.
- Low disclosure rates hinder prevention and intervention efforts.
- Understanding nondisclosure is vital for supporting survivors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine reasons why youth do not disclose image-based sexual abuse.
- To identify factors associated with nondisclosure motives.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional online survey of 6,204 individuals aged 18-28.
- Analyzed 2,522 undisclosed incidents reported by 1,551 participants.
- Examined incident and person-level characteristics.
Main Results:
- Top nondisclosure reasons: fear of family trouble (53.9%), embarrassment (52.9%), self-reliance (45.2%).
- Incident duration, explicit content, and multiple perpetrators influenced reasons.
- Female and sexual/gender minority youth reported more shame-related barriers.
Conclusions:
- Prevention must address fears, stigma, and self-blame.
- Accessible, non-punitive disclosure options are essential.
- Clinical efforts should focus on reducing barriers for survivors.
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