SIGNOR 4.0: the 2025 update with focus on phosphorylation data.

Area of Science:

• Systems Biology
• Molecular Biology
• Bioinformatics

Background:

• The SIGnaling Network Open Resource (SIGNOR) is a manually curated database of causal biological interactions.
• Signaling events are annotated with effects (activation/inactivation) and mechanisms (e.g., phosphorylation).

Purpose of the Study:

• To present the latest update (version 4.0) of the SIGNOR database.
• To introduce PhosphoSIGNOR, a specialized subdomain for phosphorylation data.
• To enhance data curation and expand the scope of signaling network analysis.

Main Methods:

• Manual curation of causal interactions between biological entities.
• Integration of text-mining tools for assisted curation.
• Development of a dedicated user interface (PhosphoSIGNOR) for phosphorylation data.
• Expansion of curation efforts, focusing on phosphorylation events.

Main Results:

• SIGNOR 4.0 features improved curation tools and increased content, with a focus on phosphorylation.
• PhosphoSIGNOR provides targeted access and visualization of phosphorylation-specific information.
• The expanded dataset facilitates comprehensive mapping of signaling alterations and their link to cellular processes.

Conclusions:

• SIGNOR 4.0 and PhosphoSIGNOR offer a robust resource for exploring signaling networks.
• The platform supports hypothesis generation and mechanistic insights, particularly in cancer systems biology.
• Enhanced data accessibility and visualization empower researchers in understanding complex cellular signaling.